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Benedictive
Sun, 06/16/2019 - 07:47 — antardhvani
The Benedictive ('precative') transformation is known as आशीर्लिङ् in the Ashtadhyayi [1]. It is closely related to the Potential (simple 'optative') but is usually formed from the Aorist stem (the Aorist form is less commonly found in Classical Sanskrit texts). One example of the Benedictive, from Chapter two of the Srimad Bhagavad Gita, is listed at the bottom of this page.
| Parasmaipada | Atmanepada | |||||||
| Person | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
| First (I) | yAsam | yAsva | yAsma | First (I) | sIya | sIvahi | sImahi | |
| Second (II) | tAsi | yAstam | yAsta | Second (II) | sISHThAs | sIyAsthAm | sIdhvam | |
| Third (III) | yAt | yAstAm | yAsus | Third (III) | sISHTha | sIyAstAm | sIran |
Example
| Parasmaipada | chi (5:P:to gather) | Atmanepada | chi (5:A:to gather) | |||||
| Person | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
| First (I) | chIyAsam | chIyAsva | chIyAsma | First (I) | cheSHIya | cheSHIvahi | cheSHImahi | |
| Second (II) | chIyAs | chIyAstam | chIyAsta | Second (II) | cheSHISHTAs | cheSHIyAsthAm | cheSHIDHvam | |
| Third (III) | chIyAt | chIyAstAm | chIyAsu | Third (III) | cheSHISHTa | cheSHIyAstAm | cheSHIran |
We can see an example from the Srimad Bhagavad Gita in Stanza 2.8 ('apanudyAt' - apa-nud:6:P:may it remove).