1.14

ततः श्वेतैर्हयैर्युक्ते महति स्यन्दने स्थितौ
माधवः पाण्डवश्चैव दिव्यौ शङ्खौ प्रदध्मतुः

Printed: tataHa shvetErhayEryukte mahati syandane sthitO , mAdhavaHa pANNDavashchEva divyO shaNkhO pradadhmatuHa .

pradadhmatuHa ... [8.3.15, 1.3.2, 8.2.66] kharavasAnayo visarjanIyaHa
tataHa sh ... [8.3.15, 1.3.2, 8.2.66] kharavasAnayo visarjanIyaHa
mAdhavaHa p ... [8.3.15, 1.3.2, 8.2.66] kharavasAnayo visarjanIyaHa
tataHa shvetErhayEryukte ... [8.3.36, 8.3.15, 1.3.2, 8.2.66] vA shari
shvetEr ... [8.2.66] sasajuSHo ruHa
hayEr ... [8.2.66] sasajuSHo ruHa
pANNDavashchEva ... [8.4.40, 8.3.34, 8.3.15, 1.3.2, 8.2.66] stoHa shchunA shchuHa
chEva ... [6.1.88, 1.1.1] vRuddhirechi
tataHa ... [8.2.66] sasajuSHo ruHa
pANNDavaHa ch ... [8.3.15, 1.3.2, 8.2.66] kharavasAnayo visarjanIyaHa

Underlying: tatas shvetEs hayEs yukte mahati syandane sthitO , mAdhavas pANNDavas cha eva divyO shaNkhO pradadhmatus .

COMMENTS:

• The internal structure of clause A.1 is complicated due to the presence of two phrases consisting of passive past participles and their arguments/ modifiers. Further, one of these phrases ('shvetEHa hayEHa yukte: yoked with white horses') is subordinate to the other phrase ('mahati syandane sthitO:stationed in the great chariot'), as it modifies 'chariot'. The rules of Sanskrit syntax tell us that a passive past participle (for e.g., 'LOC-S:yukte:yoked') must be in agreement with its Subject (i.e. 'LOC-S:syandane:chariot') in Case, Number, and Gender (see 'Link_syandane' in the entry for 'yukte' below). However, in the more general case, the correct analysis of the internal structure of clauses frequently requires a 'real world' understanding that is beyond the capabilities of a syntactic parser.
• 'LOC-S:mahati LOC-S:syandane' ('in the great chariot') is bound to the passive past participle 'NOM-D:sthitO:stationed'. Notice that the LOC-S terms are bound to a NOM-D head term, which is itself in an appositional relation to the Subject of the clause. Note also that the Subject of the passive past participle 'NOM-D:sthitO:stationed' is actually the coordinated phrase 'mAdhavaHa pANNDavaHa cha eva:Madhava and Pandava' ('Link_madhavaHa' in the entry for 'sthitO' shows only one member of the coordinated phrase).
• 'INS-P:shvetEHa INS-P:hayEHa' ('with white horses') is bound to the passive past participle 'LOC-S:yukte:yoked'. Notice that INS-P terms are bound to a LOC-S head term. The Instrumental Case of the complement indicates either the Agent or an impersonal sense for the passive past participle; in this case it is the impersonal sense (i.e. 'it is yoked with white horses'). Note also that the passive past participle 'yukte' has the LOC-S Case, indicating that the Subject of the passive past participle is *not* the Nominative Subject of the clause. As passive past participles must agree in Case, Number, and Gender with their Subject, the Subject of the passive past participle must be the term 'LOC-S:syandane:chariot'.
• Three entries are marked with the comment 'Link_' in the results below. Each 'Link_' points to the parent of the entry. Hence, 'hayEHa:horses' points to 'yukte:yoked', 'yukte:yoked' points to 'syandane:chariot', 'syandane:chariot' points to 'sthitO:stationed', and 'sthitO:stationed' points to 'mAdhavaHa:Madhava'. 'NOM-S:mAdhavaHa' is a member of the coordinated phrase which is the Subject of the clause. The easiest way to read this is top-down i.e. 'Then, Madhava and Pandava [who were] stationed in the great chariot [that was] yoked with white horses ...'.

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A: tataHa shvetEHa hayEHa yukte mahati syandane sthitO mAdhavaHa pANNDavaHa cha eva divyO shaNkhO pradadhmatuHa

A.1:

tataHa:Indeclinable

shvetEHa:INS-P:shveta:Masc.:Adj

hayEHa:INS-P:haya:Masc.:Noun:Link_gov_yukte

yukte:LOC-S:yukta:Masc.:Adj:past_participle_passive_kta_7A_yuj:Link_subj_mahati

mahati:LOC-S:mahat:Masc.:Noun:Link_gov_sthitO

syandane:LOC-S:syandana:Masc.:Noun

sthitO:NOM-D:sthita:Masc.:Adj:past_participle_passive_kta_1P_sthA:Link_subj_mAdhavaHa

mAdhavaHa:NOM-S:mAdhava:Masc.:Noun

pANNDavaHa:NOM-S:pANNDava:Masc.:Noun

cha:Indeclinable

eva:Indeclinable

divyO:ACC-D:divya:Masc.:Adj

shaNkhO:ACC-D:shaNkha:Masc.:Noun

pradadhmatuHa:III-D:pra-dhmA:1:P:VerbPerfect